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References

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Baldwin, R. L. (1995) 'Modelling Ruminant Digestion and Metabolism'. 1st ed. Padstow: T.J Press.

 

Brennan, M. L. & Christley, R. M. (2012) 'Biosecurity on Cattle Farms: A Study in North-West England'. PLOS ONE, 7 (1), pp. e28139.

 

Cheeke, P. R. & Dierenfeld, E. S. (2010) 'Comparative Animal Nutrition and Metabolism'. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.

 

Clauss, M., Flach, E. J., Ghebremeskel, K., Tack, C. & Hatt, J.-M. (2000) 'Supplementing the diet of captive giraffe (Giraffa camelopardalis) with linseed extraction chips',  in Nijboer, J., Hatt, J.-M., Kaumanns, W., Beynen, A.C. and Ganslosser, U. (eds.) Zoo animal nutrition Vol. I. Fürth: University of Zurich, pp. 271-280.

 

Clauss, M., kienzle, E. & Hatt, J. M. (2003a) 'Feeding Practices in Captive Wild Ruminants: Peculiarities in the Nutriton of Browsers/Concentrate Selectors and Intermediate Feeders. A Review'. In: Zoo Animal Nutrition, Vol. 2. Zurich: Filander Verlag, pp. 27-45.

 

Clauss, M., Kienzle, E. & Wiesner, H. (2003b) 'Feeding Browse to Large Zoo Herbivores: How Much is "A Lot" How Much is "Sufficient"?'. In: Zoo Animal Nutrition Vol.2. Munich: Filander Verlag, pp. 17-25.

 

Dadone, L. I., Schilz, A., Friedman, S. G., Bredahl, J., Foxworth, S. & Chastain, B. (2016) 'Training giraffe (Giraffa camelopardalis reticulata) for front foot radiographs and hoof care'. Zoo Biology, 35 (3), pp. 228-236.

 

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Di Nardo, A., Libeau, G., Chardonnet, B., Chardonnet, P., Kock, R. A., Parekh, K., Hamblin, P., Li, Y., Parida, S. & Sumption, K. J. (2015) 'Serological profile of foot-and-mouth disease in wildlife populations of West and Central Africa with special reference to Syncerus caffer subspecies'. Veterinary Research, 46 pp. 77.

 

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Dobson, R. (2008) 'Human and animal health agencies must cooperate to prevent spread of infections'. BMJ, 337 pp. a927.

 

EAZA (2014) 'Standards for Accommodation and Care of Animals in Zoos and Aquaria', s.l.: EAZA.

 

EAZA (2017) 'Appendix A: A Quarantine Protocol for a British Zoo Accepting Captive Bred Animals From Europe', s.l.: EAZA.

 

Fàbregas, M. C., Guillén-Salazar, F. & Garcés-Narro, C. (2012) 'Do naturalistic enclosures provide suitable environments for zoo animals?'. Zoo Biology, 31 (3), pp. 362-373.

 

Gressley, T. F., Hall, M. B. & Armentano, L. E. (2011) 'RUMINANT NUTRITION SYMPOSIUM: Productivity, digestion, and health responses to hindgut acidosis in ruminants'. Journal of Animal Science, 89 (4), pp. 1120-1130.

 

Hackmann, T. J., Sampson, J. D. & Spain, J. N. (2008) 'Comparing relative feed value with degradation parameters of grass and legume forages'. Journal of Animal Science, 86 (9), pp. 2344-2356.

 

Heatley, J & Musser, J. (no date) 'Overview of Vaccination of Exotic Mammals - Exotic and Laboratory Animals'. Veterinary Manual. Available at: http://www.msdvetmanual.com/exotic-and-laboratory-animals/vaccination-of-exotic-mammals/overview-of-vaccination-of-exotic-mammals (Accessed: 12/05/2017)

 

Heusner, A. A. (1982) 'Energy metabolism and body size. I. Is the 0.75 mass exponent of Kleiber's equation a statistical artifact?'. Respiration Physiology, 48 (1), pp. 1-12.

 

Iucn (2016) ‘Tragelaphus eurycerus: IUCN SSC Antelope Specialist Group: The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2016’ Available at: http://www.iucnredlist.org/details/22047/0 (Accessed: 14/05/2017).

 

Jeffrey. C (2006) 'New at the Zoo: ZIMS'. Bioscience, 56 (7), pp 564-566

 

Krause, K. M. & Oetzel, G. R. (2006) 'Understanding and preventing subacute ruminal acidosis in dairy herds: A review'. Animal Feed Science and Technology, 126 (3–4), pp. 215-236.

 

Lewerin, S. S., Olsson, S. L., Eld, K., Röken, B., Ghebremichael, S., Koivula, T., Källenius, G. & Bölske, G. (2005) 'Outbreak of Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection among captive Asian elephants in a Swedish zoo'. The Veterinary Record, 156 (6), pp. 171-175.

 

Loomis, M. (no date) ‘Common Disorders and Procedures of Zoo Animals - Exotic and Laboratory Animals'. Veterinary Manual. Available at;  http://www.msdvetmanual.com/en-gb/exotic-and-laboratory-animals/zoo-animals/common-disorders-and-procedures-of-zoo-animals (Accessed: 12/05/2017)

 

Marshall, K. (2011) 'Introduction: Zoonotic Diseases'. Journal of Exotic Pet Medicine, 20 (1), pp. 3.

 

Melfi, V. a., McCormick, W. & Gibbs, A. (2004) 'A preliminary assessment of how zoo visitors evaluate animal welfare according to enclosure style and the expression of behavior'. Anthrozoös, 17 (2), pp. 98-108.

 

Montali, R. J., Mikota, S. K. & Cheng, L. I. (2001) 'Mycobacterium tuberculosis in Zoo and Wildlife Species'. Revue Scientifique et technique, 20 (1), pp. 291-303.

 

Nijboer, J. (no date) 'Nutrition in Subungulates and Ungulates - Management and Nutrition'. Veterinary Manual. Available at: http://www.msdvetmanual.com/management-and-nutrition/nutrition-exotic-and-zoo-animals/nutrition-in-subungulates-and-ungulates (Accessed: 12/05/2017)

 

PHE. (2010) 'Notifiable diseases and causative organisms: how to report - GOV.UK'. Available at: https://www.gov.uk/guidance/notifiable-diseases-and-causative-organisms-how-to-report (Accessed: 12/05/2017)

 

Schaftenaar, W. (2002) 'Use of vaccination against foot and mouth disease in zoo animals, endangered species and exceptionally valuable animals'. Revue Scientifique Et Technique (International Office of Epizootics), 21 (3), pp. 613-623.

 

Schaftenaar, W. (2009) 'Foot-And-Mouth Disease, EAZWV Transmissable Disease Fact Sheet', Rotterdam: EAZWV.

 

Schutkowski, A., Krämer, J., Kluge, H., Hirche, F., Krombholz, A., Theumer, T. & Stangl, G. I. (2013) 'UVB Exposure of Farm Animals: Study on a Food-Based Strategy to Bridge the Gap between Current Vitamin D Intakes and Dietary Targets'. PLOS ONE, 8 (7), pp. e69418.

Tracey. P, Mike. C, Bond. K, Hutchings. M & Eileen. W (2017) 'Phenotypic effects of subclinical paratuberculosis (Johne's disease) in dairy cattle'. Journal of Dairy Science, 100 (1), pp. 679-690

 

Wright, D. J., Omed, H. M., Bishop, C. M. & Fidgett, A. L. (2011) 'Variations in Eastern bongo (Tragelaphus eurycerus isaaci) feeding practices in UK zoological collections'. Zoo Biology, 30 (2), pp. 149-164.

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